破产预测的模型在几种现实世界情景中很有用，并且基于结构化（数值）以及非结构化（文本）数据，已经为任务提供了多个研究贡献。但是，缺乏常见的基准数据集和评估策略阻碍了模型之间的客观比较。本文基于新颖和已建立的数据集为非结构化数据方案介绍了这样的基准，以刺激对任务的进一步研究。我们描述和评估几种经典和神经基线模型，并讨论不同策略的好处和缺陷。特别是，我们发现基于静态内域字表示的轻巧的单词袋模型可获得令人惊讶的良好结果，尤其是在考虑几年中的文本数据时。这些结果进行了严格的评估，并根据数据的特定方面和任务进行了讨论。复制数据的所有代码，将发布实验结果。

Traffic jams occurring on highways cause increased travel time as well as increased fuel consumption and collisions. Traffic jams without a clear cause, such as an on-ramp or an accident, are called phantom traffic jams and are said to make up 50% of all traffic jams. They are the result of an unstable traffic flow caused by human driving behavior. Automating the longitudinal vehicle motion of only 5% of all cars in the flow can dissipate phantom traffic jams. However, driving automation introduces safety issues when human drivers need to take over the control from the automation. We investigated whether phantom traffic jams can be dissolved using haptic shared control. This keeps humans in the loop and thus bypasses the problem of humans' limited capacity to take over control, while benefiting from most advantages of automation. In an experiment with 24 participants in a driving simulator, we tested the effect of haptic shared control on the dynamics of traffic flow, and compared it with manual control and full automation. We also investigated the effect of two control types on participants' behavior during simulated silent automation failures. Results show that haptic shared control can help dissipating phantom traffic jams better than fully manual control but worse than full automation. We also found that haptic shared control reduces the occurrence of unsafe situations caused by silent automation failures compared to full automation. Our results suggest that haptic shared control can dissipate phantom traffic jams while preventing safety risks associated with full automation.

可解释的人工智能的最新发展有望改变人类机器人互动的潜力：机器人决策的解释可能会影响用户的看法，证明其可靠性并提高信任。但是，尚未对解释其决定的机器人看法的影响进行彻底研究。为了分析可解释的机器人的效果，我们进行了一项研究，其中两个模拟机器人可以玩竞争性棋盘游戏。当一个机器人解释其动作时，另一个机器人只宣布它们。提供有关其行为的解释不足以改变机器人的感知能力，智力，可爱性或安全等级。但是，结果表明，解释其动作的机器人被认为是更活泼和人类的。这项研究证明了对可解释的人类机器人相互作用的必要性和潜力，以及对其效应作为新的研究方向的更广泛评估。

仿真与现实世界之间的差距在计算机视觉和加强学习中抑制了许多机器学习突破，从适用于现实世界。在这项工作中，我们对基于相机导航的具体情况进行了解决这个差距，将其制定为遵循与任意背景的前景中的视觉提示。前景中的视觉提示通常可以逼真地模拟，例如线，门或锥体。然后挑战在于应对未知背景并整合两者。因此，目标是培训在空模拟环境中捕获的数据的视觉代理，除了这个前景提示并直接在视觉各种现实世界中测试此模型。为了弥合这一巨大差距，我们表明它是结合以下技术的重要意义：随机增强前后背景，正规化与深度监督和三态丢失，并通过使用航点而不是直接速度命令来最终抽象动态。各种技术在我们的实验结果中被定性，定量最终展示从模拟到现实世界的成功转移。